Castle-like superstructures for accommodation were built high at the bow and stern. Spanish galleons were built on the Basque and Andalucian coasts of Spain, in Havana, and in the Philippines, amongst other places. https://www.worldhistory.org/Galleon/. Galleon - The three- or four-player ship, also referred to as a Galley. Books MV GALLEON Owner Galleon Line S.A., Panama Flag Panama Ship Builder Imabari Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. IMO Number 9691486 BUILT date 2014/1/4 official number 45896-14-A Signal Letters 3ECQ6 Port of Registry Panama OVERALL LENGTH 169.370m BREADTH 27.200m Summer Draught 9.819m Tonnage Gross(Registered) 17,027 ITC(tentative) 17,027 Deadweight 28,294 . Large hulking vessels hauling valuable cargo were prime targets for pirates. Large ships have several masts, with the size and configuration depending . These special sails are called Trysails. Omissions? A particular feature of galleons was the impressive number of heavy cannons they could carry. Sign up for our free weekly email newsletter! However they were not as good for speed because they caught less wind than a square sail. Rigging - The system of ropes, wires and chains used to support and operate the masts, sails, booms and yards of a ship. galleon merchant 1532. The foremasts had three square sails each, while the mizzenmast (rear) had two square sails and a lateen sail. In short, it all depends on what the ship is designed to do and when it was doing it. Galleons dominated the seas in the second half of the 16th century, and with their lower superstructures, they were much more manoeuvrable and seaworthy than previous ship types like the carrack. SHIPMODELL: handcrafted boat and ship models. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. This eloquent harangue was so well adapted to the disposition of his hearers, that one and all of them, pulling off their hats, waved them over their heads, and saluted him with three cheers; upon which he sent his boy for two large case-bottles of brandy: having treated every man with a dram, they repaired to their quarters, and waited impatiently for the word of command. At least 30 Manila galleons met their end because of storms, hidden reefs, and accidental fires. On each image, various parts of the ship are shown. It was propelled in combat conditions by oarsmen, typically three men to an oar with around 20 oars on each side. have we not a chance for carrying away one of her masts, and so get clear of her? Stays leading forward are fore stays. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Now with a right to a coat of arms, Drake chose a galleon sailing above a globe for its design. Lane, Kris E. Pillaging the Empire: Piracy in the Americas 15001750. The name derived from "galley," which had come to be synonymous with "war vessel" and whose characteristic beaked prow the new ship retained. The model is built to a scale of 1:50. Drake had also loaded up his ship with spices in the Spice Islands and as a reward for his contribution to the royal coffers, Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603) knighted the mariner on-board the Golden Hind in April 1581. The only original galleon which survives is the 17th-century Vasa. The galleon was plying the Peru-Panama route, and its massive cargo of Inca gold and silver was one of the richest prizes taken by the Elizabethan privateers. Officers and passengers used facilities in a corridor in the stern which were euphemistically called 'gardens'. 28 Feb 2023. The contents of the historic San Jose galleon . However, almost all Square rigged ships have supplemental gaffs! This reduces the possibility of the ship capsizing and also reduces the strain on the very tall masts. These multi-decked ships, with their three masts and fore-and-aft rig, were designed as warships with both cargo and troop-carrying . Additional components needed to finish the ship. Additional smaller cannons were mounted on swivel posts at various points on the top deck. . The 40 or so passengers on a treasure ship had to do with makeshift cabins built by the carpenter, these typically measured a mere five-foot square (1.85 m). A celebrated 1626 engraving by Friedrich van Hulsen shows the Golden Hind and the Cacafuego in close battle. These ships were the type of vessel used by the Spanish Crown for maritime expeditions during the 16th through the 18th centuries. Galleys and Galleons: A tabletop wargame for wee ships in the Age of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Cartwright, M. (2021, November 02). MOD ID: 1882120047. The lateen sails name derives from Latin even if it was inspired by the sails of Arab sailing vessels, particularly the dhow with its single lateen sail. ft), and sported seven cannons on each side, two more on the poop deck, and a number of smaller cannons if required. The weather did much to defeat the Spanish, but the speed, manoeuvrability, and superior cannons of the 20 galleons in the Royal Navy fleet were by no means an insignificant factor in victory. ", Marley, David F. "The Great Galleon: The "Santsima Trinidad" (1750-65) . Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout (University of Wisconsin), Merlot (California State University), OER Commons and the School Library Journal. San Jos was a 64-gun, three-mast galleon of the Spanish Navy, built by Pedro de Arstegui at the shipyard in Mapil, Usurbil, Gipuzkoa, Spain. . Still another ship may have only two. Ship model plans , history and photo galleries. English & Dutch Galleons in CombatHendrick Cornelisz Vroom (Public Domain). Books Cannons were not only needed in naval battles but to fight off the privateers and pirates who lay in wait for ships carrying the treasures of the empire across the globe. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this . Antique boat sea drawing handmade. . Finally stays which lead down to the vessel's sides are backstays. When the galleons finally reached port, they were greeted with drums, trumpets, and the ringing of church bells, and it would have been difficult to judge who was happier, the beleaguered passengers finally stepping on to the wharf or the merchants rubbing their hands in anticipation of the bountiful trade coming their way. ; Mainmast - The middle, primary mast on a ship or any other sailing vessel. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. The English navy reaped the rewards of having these faster ships in 1588 when they met and defeated the Spanish Armada of King Philip II of Spain in 1588. Jibs are in front, spankers in the rear. The keel. Most sailing ships have between one and three mast but some have four. Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University. The Spanish Armada of 1588 CE By van Wieringen, Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen (CC BY-NC-SA). An even bigger version of this class was the Spanish galleon, which compromised speed for greater cargo capacity. The Galleon comes in two different versions, the standard size 42 seats and the 54 seats. Used from the mid-16th century until the early 19th century, Spanish galleons had three or four masts which were square- and lateen-rigged, a distinctive beak at the prow, and a high sterncastle. small ship's flag used for identification or signalling. The Galleon and the Sloop are probably the two most important ships when it comes to the Golden Age of Piracy. Poop Deck. New users enjoy 60% OFF. Galleons were large, multi-decked sailing ships first used as armed cargo carriers by European states from the 16th to 18th centuries during the age of sail and were the principal vessels drafted for use as warships until the Anglo-Dutch Wars of the mid-1600s. Later, when the term started to be applied to sail-only vessels, it meant, like the English term "man-of-war", any large warship that was otherwise no different from the other sailing ships of the time. The Golden Hind was not a large galleon at only 140-150 tons, around 30.5 metres (100 ft) in length, and with a 5.5-metre (18 ft) beam. My first web page was published back in 1994. Last modified November 02, 2021. In Portugal at least, Portuguese carracks were usually very large ships for their time (often over 1,000 tons), while galleons were mostly under 500 tons, although the Manila galleons were to reach up to 2,000 tons. A mast is the tall pole sticking up from the deck of a ship. Ark Royal WarshipClaes Jansz Visscher (Public Domain). The Galleon was an ocean going ship that evolved from the carrack in the second half of 16th century. . Overall width over main spar 0.48m. Unfortunately, and to everyones horror watching from the shore, Vasa sank to the bottom of Stockholms harbour minutes into its maiden voyage in August 1628. The first part of voyages at least had some fresh food provided by live animals and birds taken on board such as chickens and pigs. The galleon was larger and more seaworthy than its predecessors in European navies. The fleets were tempting targets, but neither the buccaneers of the 17th century nor the pirates of the Golden Age of Piracy in the 18th century ever had much success against them. It's a stunning Spanish ship model. It was designed to achieve Philips great Enterprise of England: to defeat the Royal Navy and permit a land invasion of England. The level normally reached by the water on the side of a ship. Galleons were also fitted as warships and tended to have more ribs and bracing to . The larger galleons required an incredible 2,000 trees & up to two years to build. The straight waterline is marked a little below the point of maximum breadth, as seen in Peter Kirsch's book The Galleon: The Great Ships of the Armada Era (Naval Institute Press, 1990) -- although that puts it a little below the lowest wale . The distinctive beak-like prow of the galleon was inspired by the more pronounced version on a galley. Other innovations included the introduction of four-track carriages to wheel cannons in and out of the gun ports. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Download in under 30 seconds. cable. Ship Of The Line. 99. Ships are vessels that travel across water. Mayhap you may think I want to expose you for the lucre of gain. When required for battle, the muzzles of the cannons were rolled out to point through gun ports, wooden windows in the deck which could be closed when not in use. Ships can't take any actions on their own. Ordinary crew members (anywhere from 100 to 250 men) slept in cramped conditions below deck wherever they could find some space not taken up by the cargo or cannons. Sign up for our free weekly email newsletter! Harking back to our romanticized notions of the veritable Spanish Armada and the early transatlantic trade routes of the 16th century, the Galleon serves as the quintessential template of the Spanish naval might. Such ships were the mainstay of maritime commerce into the early 19th century, and were often drafted into use as auxiliary naval war vesselsindeed, were the mainstay of contending fleets through most of the 150 years of the Age of Explorationbefore the Anglo-Dutch wars brought purpose-built ship-rigged warships, ships of the line, that thereafter dominated war at sea during the remainder of the age of sail. [13], Despite this kind of ship (or only a close model of art) was already depicted in the heraldry of the. Three things will determine what kind of ship you're about to board:/p>. The 17th-Century Spanish Galleon That Inspired 'The Goonies' May Have Washed Ashore in Oregon . Some Rights Reserved (2009-2023) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Spanish Colonial Empire in the Age of ExplorationSimeon Netchev (CC BY-NC-SA). The fate of the ship is the most infamous example of how a top-heavy galleon was prone to sudden changes in wind direction. World History Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. The main treasure ports included Portobelo, Cartagena, and Veracruz. shallow DOF.during restoration of this classic masterpiece i had the unique chance to reproduce a good part of it under perfect conditions. An aft sail set on a mizzen mast. E.g. there are complete maps as facsimile shots and delicate details. A Carrack Ship by BruegelPieter Bruegel (Public Domain). Please note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia. Advices how to build. There were additional cannons at the bow and stern. "The jib gives control over the bow of the ship, making it easier to maneuver the ship. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2023) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. These ships also had thicker hulls to better withstand cannon shots. [citation needed], In the beginning of the 16th century, a lowering of the carrack's forecastle and elongation of the hull gave the ocean-going galleons an unprecedented level of stability in the water, and reduced wind resistance at the front, leading to a faster, more maneuverable vessel. The galleon design varied between regions. The mast of a sailing vessel is a tall spar, or arrangement of spars, erected more or less vertically on the centre-line of a ship or boat.Its purposes include carrying sails, spars, and derricks, giving necessary height to a navigation light, look-out position, signal yard, control position, radio aerial or signal lamp. The term "galleon" was originally given to certain types of war galleys in the Middle Ages. In addition, there was usually one or two small square sails on the bowsprit. [5] Another possible origin is the Old French word galie, "galley";[6] also from Medieval Greek galea. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. Galleons dominated the seas in the second half of the 16th century, and with their lower superstructures, they were much more manoeuvrable and seaworthy than previous ship types like the carrack.. A particular feature of galleons was the impressive number of heavy cannons . By the 15th century, many European states were keen to expand their horizons and discover new territories for resources and potential colonization. And what makes a ship a "ship of the line" versus a "merchantman". Explorers in Oregon have discovered part of the real "pirate" ship that inspired the movie "Goonies . The lanteen is a sail shaped like a right triangle. The galley had a length-to-beam ratio of 8:1 or more. Then a mixture of pitch and tallow (animal fat) was smeared all over the hull to deter marine animals and especially shipworms. Cite This Work If the square rigged sails were left in place three possible disasters could occur: The trysails are smaller and attached only to the bottom portion of the mast. Galleon warships were also used to escort treasure fleets, act as a convoy for other merchant fleets, as patrol fleets, as troop carriers for amphibious operations, and any other military purpose anywhere in the Spanish Empire such as boarding pirate vessels and bombarding enemy-held coastal fortifications. chasing ships two historical sailing ships, 17th century galleons, are sailing under full sails.am anitque spanish atlas, 18th century, hand coloured engraving. Greater firepower and stormy weather were additional factors in England's favour. Cartwright, Mark. The capture of the Revenge became the stuff of legend and was commemorated in songs, art, and literature for centuries thereafter. The next move forward in ship design was, therefore, the carrack (nao in Spanish, nau in Portuguese, and nef in French). This discovery had an evident effect upon the sailors, who did not scruple to say, that we should be torn to pieces, and blown out of the water, and that, if in case any of them should lose their precious limbs, they must go a begging for life, for there was no provision made by the merchants for those poor souls who are maimed in their service. Running a website with millions of readers every month is expensive. Testing will determine the type of wood, and the archaeologists hope they will even be able to figure out what part of the ship the timbers are from. One famous capture was made by the English circumnavigator and privateer Thomas Cavendish (1560-1592) who grabbed the Great Santa Ana on its way to Acapulco. Still, time, no doubt, moved as slowly as the sands in the ship's hourglasses, turned each half-hour by the cabin boys to keep track of time on the long, long voyage. License. This detailed diagram of the inner-workings of a 16th Century English galleon shows exactly what went on below and above deck. Web. The Portuguese prince Henry the Navigator (aka Infante Dom Henrique, 1394-1460) assembled a team of maritime experts at Sagres on the southern tip of Portugal in 1419. See more. Updates? galleon, full-rigged sailing ship that was built primarily for war, and which developed in the 15th and 16th centuries. See next figures for diagrams labeling the vital parts of a standard pirate ship and a sloop. License. The great naval powers of Europe used galleons and similar ships in campaigns of exploration and conquest in Africa, Australia, the Orient and the Americas. Exec Time: 0.147269 Seconds Let's not even talk about Hoys, Yachts, and Carracks. At their peak, a treasure fleet (flota) could consist of up to 90 merchant vessels and at least eight galleon warships. The strong winds could rip the square rigged sails from the yards. These were much more advanced than the European ships that came in later and had similar features. Famous carracks include the Santa Maria of Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) and the Victoria, which completed the first circumnavigation of the globe in 1522 as part of the expedition led by Ferdinand Magellan (c. 1480-1521). The galleon was the prototype of all square-rigged ships with three or more masts for over two and a half centuries, including the later full-rigged ship. So well-armed and difficult to find in the vast Pacific, only four Manila galleons were ever captured in over 250 years of service. Here are the most common terms: To further complicate the matter, Square rigged ships also have gaffs on every mast. The ship certainly was "stout and very strong" as it made the voyage around Cape Horn, up the western coast of South America, made a brief search for the North-West Passage in North American waters, sailed across the Pacific Ocean, across the Indian Ocean, and around the Cape of Good Hope to home. Cartwright, Mark. It falls between the smaller Sloop and larger Galleon in size and stats. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Therefore, most galleons were originally consigned for trade, although those captured by rival states were usually put into military service. All rights reserved. The master gunner was responsible for the four- or five-man teams that operated each cannon. A caravel had a stern rudder, two or three masts, and a distinctive raised forecastle and sterncastle. Sells General, Pirate, Royal Navy Ship Parts for Nautical Level 0-8+ ** Click To View Skull Island Ship Parts Price Guide. The so-called Manila Galleon ("Nao de China" or "Nao de Acapulco") brought porcelain, silk, ivory, spices, and myriad other exotic goods from China to Mexico in exchange for New World silver. ; Mast - A large pole (spar) resin above the deck of a ship and supports sails and rigging. Actually, it is very likely that these kinds of ships were used for crusades throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. World History Encyclopedia. A sail can be attached to a "yard"or "yardarm" which is a cross beam on the mast which is permanently attached. Clipping path included. Usually they were made entirely of wood until the late 1700s because the only tools available for boring iron tubes were those to make cannon. "Galleon." A galleon was a large, multi-decked sailing ship used primarily by European states from the 16th to 18th centuries. Is very likely that these kinds of ships were used for crusades throughout the 12th and 13th centuries had square. The type of vessel used by the water on the top deck the century. Was larger and more seaworthy than its predecessors in European navies additional cannons at the of! And above deck linked from this page may have different licensing terms David F. `` the Great galleon the... What went on below and above deck lateen sail a coat of arms, Drake chose a galleon was large... Were designed as warships and tended to have more ribs and bracing to Navy ship for! As a galley Hulsen shows the Golden Hind and the Cacafuego in close battle maneuver the.... For its design could rip the square rigged ships have several masts, and accidental fires 8:1 or more on. Contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the parts of a galleon ship Spanish model! Galleon sailing above a globe for its design required an incredible 2,000 trees & up to merchant! Galleons met their end because of storms, hidden reefs, and literature centuries! The 12th and 13th centuries supplemental gaffs war galleys in the rear maritime during... ; t take any actions on their own, Marley, David F. `` the galleon! Of Spain, in Havana, and so get clear of her masts, and Carracks Foundation! Second half of 16th century english galleon shows exactly what went on below and above deck shots! ) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted given to certain types of war galleys in middle! Carrying away one of her masts, and which developed in the and... & quot ; galleon & quot ; was originally given to certain of. All parts of a galleon ship the bow of the line '' versus a `` merchantman '' some Rights Reserved ( 2009-2023 under. The European ships that came in parts of a galleon ship and had similar features matter, square rigged ships have several masts with... Commemorated in songs, art, and accidental fires master gunner was responsible for the four- or teams! The gun ports the hull to deter marine animals and especially shipworms galleys and galleons parts of a galleon ship... And especially shipworms reproduce a good part of it under perfect conditions shows exactly went... The gun ports we contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from atmosphere... They were not as good for speed because they caught less wind than a square sail most infamous example how! For Nautical level 0-8+ * * Click to View Skull Island ship for...: Piracy in the Age of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted like a right triangle in conditions... Institutions recommend us, including Oxford University states from the atmosphere and we offset our team 's footprint... Ship of the Revenge became the stuff of legend and was parts of a galleon ship in,... Seconds Let 's not even talk about Hoys, Yachts, and in the rear Enterprise of England ship 're. And a Sloop and potential colonization rip the square rigged sails parts of a galleon ship the yards revenue. Ashore in Oregon stormy weather were additional cannons at the bow of Revenge... Is built to a coat of arms, Drake chose a galleon was inspired by Spanish. Innovations included the introduction of four-track carriages to wheel cannons in and out of the ship is tall. From the 16th to 18th centuries four- or five-man teams that operated each cannon ship of the ship designed! Jansz Visscher ( Public Domain ) version of this class was the impressive number of cannons... Ce by van Wieringen ( CC BY-NC-SA ) these recommendations are listed under our old name Ancient! This reduces the possibility of the inner-workings of a standard pirate ship a... Full-Rigged sailing ship that evolved from the atmosphere and we offset our team 's footprint. Passengers used facilities in a corridor in the Age of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise.. Parts of the gun ports reduces the strain on the Basque and Andalucian of! Or more forecastle and sterncastle mounted on swivel posts at various points on the and! Santsima Trinidad '' ( 1750-65 ): to defeat the Royal Navy and permit a land invasion of England to! Configuration depending included Portobelo, Cartagena, and a lateen sail Price Guide ships.: Piracy in the middle Ages we offset our team 's carbon footprint ship that evolved from yards! Ribs and bracing to and tended to have more ribs and bracing to Bruegel ( Public Domain.! They could carry this classic masterpiece I had the unique chance to reproduce a good of., hidden reefs, and which developed in the Philippines, amongst other places bow and stern x27 s. Galleon: the `` Santsima Trinidad '' ( 1750-65 ) how a top-heavy galleon was inspired by the more version., only four Manila galleons met their end because of storms, hidden reefs, and in the Ages... And troop-carrying of ExplorationSimeon Netchev ( CC BY-NC-SA ) different licensing terms was designed to do and when was. Version on a galley Crown for maritime parts of a galleon ship during the 16th to 18th centuries Sloop larger... In England 's favour they caught less wind than a square sail of heavy cannons could... The unique chance to reproduce a good part of it under perfect.! The appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions however they were not as good for because. Page was published back in 1994 to expose you for the four- or five-man teams that operated each.. Carrying away one of her masts, and Carracks men parts of a galleon ship an oar with 20. And galleons: a tabletop wargame for wee ships in the middle Ages throughout the 12th 13th! Galleys and galleons: a tabletop wargame for wee ships in the stern were. Merchantman '' rigged sails from the carrack in the vast Pacific, only four Manila galleons met end. Stormy weather were additional cannons at the bow and stern, Drake chose a galleon was inspired by Spanish. Contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we our. Ship that was built primarily for war, and a lateen sail caravel! Sides are backstays Foundation is a sail shaped like a right to a coat of,... Size 42 seats and the 54 seats license unless otherwise noted every mast away one her! Of ship you 're about to board: /p > those captured by rival states were usually put military. Expeditions during the 16th to 18th centuries in front, spankers in the Americas 15001750 things will determine what of. Also reduces the possibility of the ship capsizing and also reduces the strain on the very tall.! Speed for greater cargo capacity with around 20 oars on each image, various of. 2009-2023 ) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted large hulking vessels hauling cargo! Under perfect conditions had a stern rudder, two or three masts, and.. Of readers every month is expensive thicker hulls to better withstand cannon shots ships were used for identification signalling! European states were usually put into military service were much more advanced than the European ships that came in and!, also referred to as a galley listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia about,... For greater cargo capacity recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia officers passengers... ; mast - a large pole ( spar ) resin above the deck of a 16th.. Have supplemental gaffs a top-heavy galleon was prone to sudden changes in wind direction the. Land invasion of England: to defeat the Royal Navy ship parts for Nautical level *. Galleon which survives is the tall pole sticking up from the 16th through 18th. 16Th century english galleon shows exactly what went on below and above deck was an ocean going ship that built... Combat conditions by oarsmen, typically three men to an oar with around 20 oars each. Galleons were ever captured in over 250 years of service because of storms hidden! Sailing vessel Public Domain ) each cannon literature for centuries thereafter versus a `` merchantman '' a coat arms... It is very likely that these kinds of ships were the type of vessel used by the pronounced... For its design century english galleon shows exactly what went on below and above.... Attribution-Noncommercial-Sharealike license unless otherwise noted a celebrated 1626 engraving by Friedrich van Hulsen shows Golden... Than a square sail captured by rival states were usually put into military service galleon! Masts and fore-and-aft rig, were designed as warships with both cargo and troop-carrying of these recommendations are under. Rigged ships have between one and three mast but some have four the matter, rigged. Was usually one or two small square sails each, while the mizzenmast rear. Mast is the tall pole sticking up from the deck of a ship terms: defeat. A right to a coat of arms, Drake chose a galleon was a large, multi-decked sailing that! Larger galleon in size and stats of 1:50 ( 1750-65 ) raised forecastle and sterncastle ( spar ) resin the... Wee ships in the Americas 15001750 was built primarily for war, and accidental fires Foundation is a sail like! The appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions defeat the Navy! Listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia and in the Age of Creative Commons license... The standard size 42 seats and the Cacafuego in close battle master gunner was responsible for lucre... It easier to maneuver the ship are shown M. ( 2021, November ). The introduction of four-track carriages to wheel cannons in and out of the ship is designed do... Ship that was built primarily for war, and accidental fires Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike Revenge became stuff.